Gusobanukirwa uruhare rw'ibikoresho byo kohereza umuvuduko bidakoresha insinga mu miyoboro y'amazi meza

Gucunga ibikorwa remezo by'amazi mu mijyi ni igikorwa kigoye cyo kuringaniza. Abakora mu by'amazi bahura n'ikibazo cyo gukomeza gushyira ingufu mu miyoboro minini ishaje y'amazi mu gihe bagabanya igihombo cy'amazi adakoreshwa (NRW) no gukumira guturika kw'imiyoboro ikabije. Ubusanzwe, kugira ngo bigaragare neza byasabaga gukoresha insinga nyinshi, zihenze, zishobora kwangirika bitewe n'ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije nk'inkuba, kandi zigoye kubungabunga mu turere twa kure. Guhuza imashini zitanga umuvuduko w'amazi zidafite insinga byahinduye cyane imiyoboro y'amazi igezweho, bitanga igisubizo gihendutse kandi gihendutse cyo kugenzura amazi mu buryo nyabwo no kumenya aho amazi aturuka.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Uburyo bwo gukora ibikorwa remezo: Imashini zikoresha insinga zikuraho ikibazo cyo gufunga imiyoboro y'amazi no kuyishyiraho insinga zihenze, bigatuma kuyishyira ahantu hatandukanye cyangwa hateje akaga bishoboka cyane.
• Gucunga amazi asohoka mu buryo bwihuse: Amakuru akoreshwa mu gihe nyacyo, akoresha umuvuduko mwinshi atuma ibigo bitanga serivisi bimenya amazi asohoka mu buryo buciriritse n'ibintu bisohoka mu mazi mbere yuko bihinduka ahantu hanini.
• Kunoza ingufu: Gupima neza igitutu bituma pompe zikora ahantu heza, bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ibipimo bya karuboni.

Uburyo bwa tekiniki:Uburyo Imashini zitanga umuyoboro zikora
Umuyoboro w’umuvuduko utagira umugozi ni igikoresho gigezweho cya IoT edge gihuza uburyo bwo kumva neza n’itumanaho rikoresha ingufu nke. Bitandukanye n’udukoresho dusanzwe twa 4-20mA tw’umuyoboro, ibi bikoresho akenshi biba byigenga bikoresha bateri za lithium zimara igihe kirekire (akenshi bifata imyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5).
Igice cyo kumenya imiterere y'imbere akenshi kiba ari icyuma cya silikoni gikozwe mu buryo bwa piezoresistive high-stability. Iyo umuvuduko w'amazi ukoze kuri diaphragm ya sensor, bitera umuvuduko muto wa mechanical uhindura resistance y'amashanyarazi. Iki kimenyetso cya analog gihindurwamo agaciro ka digitale na ADC ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru (Analog-to-Digital Converter). Icy'ingenzi ni uko microprocessor iri mu bwato ikoresha algorithms zo kugabanya ubushyuhe kugira ngo irebe ko ari ukuri mu bihe bikomeye by'impinduka.
Aho kohereza ibimenyetso bya analog bidasibangana, transmitter ibyuka mu bihe byagenwe mbere kugira ngo yohereze amakuru binyuze mu miyoboro y’amashanyarazi make (LPWAN) nka NB-IoT, LoRaWAN, cyangwa 4G LTE. Ubu buryo bwitwa "air cable" butuma amakuru agera kuri sisitemu ya SCADA cyangwa urubuga rw’ibicu mu mutekano no mu buryo bwiza, ndetse no mu turere dufite ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi bike.
Guhindura Imikorere y'Amazi y'Ubwenge: Kuva ku Gukora Ibintu Bidasanzwe kugeza ku Guhanura

Gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima umuvuduko w’amazi butagira insinga bihindura imicungire y’amazi kuva ku buryo bwo gukora ibintu butuma akoreshwa mu buryo butunguranye, bugakoreshwa mu guhanura amakuru.
1. Uduce twapimwe n'uturere (DMAs) no gupima amazi asohoka
Mu gushyiramo imashini zitanga umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi zidafite insinga ku mbibi z’uturere dupima amazi, ibigo by’amashanyarazi bishobora gukurikirana buri gihe uburyo amazi anyuramo mu gihe cy’ijoro (MNF). Kugabanuka gutunguranye k’umuvuduko w’amazi mu masaha make ni ikimenyetso cy’uko amazi asohoka mu buryo buhishe. Kumenya amazi hakiri kare birinda gutakaza amazi kandi bigabanya ingaruka z’amafaranga za NRW.
2. Inyundo y'amazi n'igenzura ry'igihe gito
Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko (inyundo y'amazi) buterwa no gufunga vuba kwa valve cyangwa kunyura kwa pompe ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera umunaniro w'imiyoboro. Utwuma tw’amashanyarazi tugezweho dufite ubushobozi bwo gupima no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki, bigatuma dufata umuvuduko w'umuvuduko mu gace kacu kandi tugatera inzibutso zihuse, bikarinda ibikorwa remezo bishaje kwangirika kw'inyubako.
3. Uburyo bwo kugenzura pompe nziza
Pompe zikunze gukoresha igice kinini cy’ingengo y’imari y’ikigo. Uburyo buhoraho bwo gutanga umuvuduko uturutse kuri interineti butuma Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) ihindura umuvuduko wa pompe mu buryo buhamye. Ibi birinda umuvuduko ukabije, bikongera igihe cyo kubaho kw'ibikoresho, kandi bikongera imikorere myiza y'ingufu.
Kugereranya: Gukurikirana hakoreshejwe insinga ugereranije n'imashini zikoresha insinga

Uburyo bwo Gukoresha: Aho Ikoranabuhanga Ridakoresha Umugozi Rigaragara
Imiyoboro yo Gukwirakwiza Ibicuruzwa mu Makomini
Mu mijyi myinshi, gucukura imihanda kugira ngo hashyirwemo insinga zipima umuriro bitera ikibazo gikomeye cy’imodoka. Imashini zitanga umugozi zishobora gushyirwa ku miyoboro y’amazi isanzwe ikoreshwa mu kuzimya umuriro, mu byumba by’amashanyarazi, cyangwa ku mirongo ifasha abakiriya mu masaha make, bigatuma umuyoboro ugaragara ako kanya nta gutinda gukorerwa mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ibigega bya kure n'iminara y'amazi

Iminara y'amazi ikunze kuba ahantu hirengeye kandi hatagerwa n'amashanyarazi n'imiyoboro y'itumanaho. Imashini zikoresha batiri zikoresha batiri zica neza iki cyuho. Zitanga amakuru y'ingenzi y'amazi n'umuvuduko wayo ku bakoresha kure, zikuraho gukenera gupima intoki no kugabanya ibyago by'umutekano bijyana no kuzamuka iminara.
Sisitemu zo Gukuraho Inkongi y'Umuriro

Inyubako z'ubucuruzi n'inganda bisaba kugenzura buri gihe igitutu cya sisitemu yo koza amazi. Imashini zitanga umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi zishyirwa ahantu hatandukanye cyane hifashishijwe amazi ("不利点") zituma sisitemu ikora neza mu gihe cy'impanuka, zigatanga amakuru ku bayobozi b'ibigo mu gihe igitutu kirenze urugero rw'ibipimo bya NFPA.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)

Bateri zo mu byuma bitanga umuvuduko bitagira umugozi zimara igihe kingana iki?

Ubuzima bwa bateri buterwa n'umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru n'uburyo bwo gukoresha umuyoboro w'itumanaho. Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gukoresha amazi meza (urugero, gupima buri minota 15 no kohereza amakuru buri masaha 4 ukoresheje NB-IoT), utwuma dukoresha litiyumu dugezweho akenshi tumarana hagati y'imyaka 3 na 5. Ibikoresho byinshi kandi bifite ubutumwa bwo gutanga amakuru ku bateri nke bukoherezwa ku rubuga rw'ubuyobozi.
Ese ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi bishobora kwinjira mu byumba by'amashanyarazi biri munsi y'ubutaka?
Ibidukikije byo munsi y'ubutaka bishobora kugorana ku bimenyetso bya RF. Ariko, ikoranabuhanga rya LPWAN rigezweho (nka LoRaWAN na NB-IoT) ryagenewe byihariye kwinjira mu buryo bwimbitse. Ku hantu hagoye cyane, ibikoresho bishobora gukoresha antene zo hanze zinyura mu rukuta rw'icyumba, cyangwa bigahitamo ibikoresho bipima amakuru binyuze mu bikoresho byegeranye.
Bigenda bite ku makuru iyo umuyoboro uhagaze by'agateganyo?

Kwizerwa ni ingenzi mu gucunga amazi. Utwuma tw’ikoranabuhanga tudakoresha insinga dufite ubushobozi bwo kubika amakuru. Iyo umurongo wa interineti ubuze, igikoresho kibika neza ibipimo by’umuvuduko mu bubiko bwacyo bw’imbere. Iyo umurongo wa interineti usubijwe, uhita wuzuza amakuru yabuze kuri seriveri, bigatuma nta makuru yatakaye mu isesengura ry’uko ibintu bikurikiza amategeko n’uko ibintu bigenda.
Ese izi transmitters zifite umutekano ku bitero bya interineti?

Yego. Utwuma tw’amazi tudakoresha insinga tw’ibigo dukoresha uburyo bwo gufunga amakuru kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera (nka AES-128 cyangwa TLS) mu kohereza amakuru. Byongeye kandi, bikora ku miyoboro ya IoT itandukanye n’ibikorwa remezo by’ikoranabuhanga by’ibigo, bubahiriza amahame akomeye y’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga mu nganda kugira ngo birinde ko amakuru atabasha kugerwaho cyangwa kuyahindura.
Umwanzuro: Kubaka ibikorwa remezo by'amazi bihamye

Guhuza imashini zitanga umuvuduko zidafite insinga ntabwo bikiri ikoranabuhanga ry’igerageza; ni urwego rw’ibanze rw’imiyoboro igezweho y’amazi meza. Mu gusimbuza sisitemu zikoresha insinga zikomeye n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigezweho, ibigo by’amazi bishobora kubona imikorere yabyo idasanzwe mu bijyanye n’amazi. Ibi bivuze ko amazi agabanuka, ikiguzi cy’ingufu kigabanuka, ndetse n’igihe kirekire cyo kumara ibikorwa remezo.
Witeguye kuvugurura umuyoboro wawe w'amazi?Menya uburyo utwuma two mu bwoko bwa Meokon two mu rwego rw'inganda dushobora gutanga amakuru yizewe kandi asobanutse neza ku mushinga wawe utaha w'amazi meza. Hamagara itsinda ryacu ry'abahanga uyu munsi kugira ngo usabe inama ku bijyanye no gushyiraho amashanyarazi cyangwa urupapuro rw'amakuru ya tekiniki.